2-wavelength polarized lidar

Cloud detection, cloud phase, aerosols

C-band polarized precip radar
(scanning from King City ~30km range away)

Precip type and rate

X-band Doppler radar

Cloud detection, particle type

Ceilometer

Geometric cloud profile

POSS

Precip occurrence, rate and type, DSD

HotPlate

Precip occurrence and rate

Precipitation gauges

Precip rate, snow depth

Rawinsonde system

Pressure, temperature and RH profile

915MHz wind profiler w/ RASS

Wind profile, turbulence

TP3000 profiling radiometer

Liquid water path

89/150GHz radiometer

Liquid water path w/ sensitivity to ice particles

Meteorological stations

10m tower w/ pressure, temperature, RH and winds

Sky imager

Cloud opacity

Sunphotometer

Radiation

Broadband radiometers

Radiation

• http://www.EC.ec.gc.ca/arqp/care_e.cfm
• 10Hz, with depolarization capability
• 3.75 m vertical resolution
• 30 inch telescope
• Located in the CARE main lab building

• Part of Canadian operational radar network
• http://www.EC-smc.ec.gc.ca/armp/radarmet_e.cfm
• Polarization upgrade: mid 2005
• 24PPI volumetric coverage out to 256km at ½deg x ½km resolution.
• Dual PRF: Nyquist velocity of 48 m/s
• 20 ft antenna
• Beamwidth = 0.65deg
• Location: ~30 km SSE of CARE at the King City Radar Station
• Data archive = July 1984 to present.

• 9.35 GHz, X-band, 25 kW peak
• 75m range gates
• Particle type to be inferred by Z vs. V algorithm

• http://www.vaisala.com/page.asp?Section=16216

• http://www.EC-smc.ec.gc.ca/msb/manuals/awos/chap1_e.html#123_e
• 10.525 GHz CW Doppler bi-static radar
• Provides precipitation id (rain, snow, drizzle, hail), drop size distribution, rate, LWC, radar parameters (Z, ZDR, …)

• http://www.dri.edu/Home/Features/text/504hotplate.htm
• Precip rate derived from power required to maintain plate at a constant temperature.

• Precip rate: Geonor, Belfort, Tipping Bucket, Double Fence International Reference, Nipher Type B, Pit, Copper Gauge
• Snow cover: microwave radiometer and twice daily snow survey

• Vaisala DIGICORA II MW15 403 MHz receiver system
• http://www.vaisala.com/page.asp?Section=8473
• RS80 sondes: pressure, temperature, RH and wind profiles
• Launched from main CARE lab building

• LAP-3000 profiler built by Vaisala (formerly Radian Corporation)
• http://www.vaisala.com/page.asp?Section=14001
• Average horizontal winds & vertical motion (700ns pulse - 100m resolution)
• Virtual temperature at 100m resolution (to about 1km)
• Depth of convective boundary layer
• Height of melting layer

• http://ams.allenpress.com/amsonline/?request=get-document&doi=10.1175%2F1520-0426(2004)021%3C1400:AOAIFS%3E2.0.CO%3B2
• Optical instrument that measures fall velocity and shape of precipitation particles

• Radiometrics TP/WVP-3000 (23, 30, 51-59GHz) with dewblower
• http://www.radiometrics.com/products.htm

• Radiometrics (89 & 150GHz) with dewblower

• Project 10m met tower w/ pressure, temperature, RH and winds
• Climate reference station within 100m of project site on CARE grounds

• Yankee Environmental Systems SI-440 Total Sky Imager
• http://www.yesinc.com/products/data/tsi440/
• Located on the CARE main lab building

• http://www.vaisala.com/businessareas/instruments/products/visibility/fd12

• http://www.cimel.fr/photo/sunph_us.htm
• auto sun-and-sky scanning radiometer for direct solar irradiance and sky radiance
• Used for aerosol optical properties
• Located on the CARE main lab building

• Eppley (IR) pyrgeometer, http://www.eppleylab.com/PrdPrecInfRadmtr.htm
• Kipp & Zonen CM11 (SW) pyranometer, http://www.kippzonen.com/pages/189/4